Abstract China is a large country producing yellow kenaf, originally called kenaf, and later renamed kenaf. The planting area of ​​China's yellow june is the third in the world, with a maximum planting area of ​​approximately 10 million mu and an annual output of 1.1 million tons. The traditional method for the initial processing of yellow kenaf is a semi-degumming process. Before the cutting from yellow kenaf into the spinning mill to process the spinning, semi-degumming is required to form semi-degummed bundle fibers. The yellow kenaf is not capable of spinning if it is not degummed. Performance; If full degumming, after the removal of pectin, the length of hemp fiber is only 2-6mm, and it is also non-spinning. The length of hemp fiber that can be processed by modern yellow hemp spinning equipment is half degummed yellow. The diameter of the kenaf fiber is 1 meter or more, and the fineness of the semi-degummed kenaf fiber is 300-400 kilograms. The huanghe 麻麻 is used for the production of sacks and packaging cloth with the largest amount of hemp, the highest in China. There are 900 million sacks produced. Since the gradual replacement of plastic woven bags and packaging cloths, the use of huangma hemp has been greatly affected. In the textile field, there are a lot of materials used to make carpet backings, veils and other materials. There are also agricultural product packaging materials, yellow hemp geotextiles, and yellow hemp papermaking, the production of synthetic resin boards, the production of cellulose, the use of hemp rods as raw materials for the production of cellulose preparations, and the use of cellulose preparations for the production of viscose and triphosphates. Cellulose, cellulose acetate, carboxymethyl cellulose and microcrystalline cellulose, yellow kenaf fiber reinforced composite materials, etc. However, the amount of huangma hemp is still much less than that of the production of sacks and linens in the past. The planting area of ​​China's yellow kenaf has been greatly reduced, and the planting area has been reduced to 1.2 million mu. Since there are many huang fang fibers Due to its valuable environmental characteristics, it is necessary to accelerate the development and utilization of the yellow hemp cellulosic fiber, and to create and expand the application of the yellow hemp cellulosic fiber in the apparel and decorative field.
Keywords yellow hemp, cellulose fiber, semi-degumming, kenaf, hemp, linen, ramie, bacteriostatic, mildew, green Â
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1. The world’s rapid population growth is the most pressing issue for the world. In the 40 years after the Second World War, the world’s population increased from 3 billion to 6 billion in 2000. It is estimated that the first 10 years of the 21st century will increase by another 1 billion, with an average annual increase of 1 In 2050, the total population of the world will reach 12 billion. By the end of this century, the total population of the world will reach 180-200 million. The increase in the world’s population indicates an increase in the total demand for textile materials. At the end of the 20th century, the world’s population was 6 billion. The per capita demand for fiber increased from 2.5 kg to 8 kg. The per capita fiber consumption in Europe and America was 21.5 kg and 37.2 kg, respectively. While Asian fiber consumption capacity is less than 6kg, but according to Asian population growth rate and economic growth rate, the future textile industry market will be dominated by Asia, and the global total fiber demand will reach 58-8 million tons - 62 million tons if still per According to 8kg calculation, the total fiber volume in 2050 will reach 140 million tons.
Faced with the grim problem of the increase in the total population demand for textile materials in the world, the supply of raw materials for the textile industry is increasingly strained relative to the rapid growth of the world population.
How to further develop and make full use of the resources of natural cellulose fibers in the world is a problem that must be paid attention to while developing synthetic fibers. Among them, there are problems in rational application of regenerated cellulose fibers such as huangma hemp. Both at home and abroad have carried out effective research and development.
Second, the production technology of Shengma fiber is a new type of regenerated cellulose fiber developed with a number of patented technologies. The fiber has a high dry and wet strength, good moisture absorption and breathability, and antibacterial and mildewproof. With its unique characteristics, its fabrics have the characteristics of smooth touch, good drapability, bright color, and rich and smooth fabric personality. It is a new type, healthy, fashionable and green eco-friendly textile fiber. Hemp fiber has antibacterial and antibacterial functions. It does not need to cast pesticides and pesticides when planting. It belongs to natural green fiber, has certain health care functions, and is comfortable to wear, breathable, antibacterial and other advantages. Has long attracted attention in our country, such as Hebei Jixi Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. uses cooking, bleaching, gluing, spinning, post-processing and other high-tech process routes, the extraction of cellulose in fiber material, and retained the natural antibacterial material Substance is a truly green textile new material called Sanhe fiber. St. Ma fiber can be spinnable, conventional spinning equipment can meet the spinning requirements.
1. The production of hemp viscose fiber by Huang Hongma cellulose. Although viscose fiber production process has environmental protection issues, it can replace a considerable portion of wood. In addition, hemp viscose fiber has certain health care functions. , Hemp viscose fiber can greatly enhance the application value of huangma. The production process of viscose fibers must be improved. To eliminate the toxic gases and toxic waste generated during the production process, the viscose fiber production process and environment are completely green and environmentally friendly.
2. Currently, there is a green production process technology that can produce bamboo green viscose fiber without pollution and pure green. It is produced by hydrolysis-alkali method and multi-stage bleaching refining pulp. After artificially catalyzed, bamboo pulp cellulose (bamboo pulp) with a cellulose content of about 35% is purified to 93% or more (fine bamboo pulp). ) On the basis of satisfying the requirements for fiber production, bamboo fibers are then made by chemical spinning plants through wet spinning. The nature of the product is better than ordinary viscose fiber. Dry strength, wet strength are higher than ordinary viscose fiber. No pollution to the environment. Fully biodegradable, bamboo fiber comes from nature and completely back to nature. This bamboo glue The final product of the fiber contains a number of specific functions and has a 70% sterilizing function. It can be used to make bath towels, towels, bedding, medical services and patient clothes. Insoles, pajamas, leisure clothes, T-blots, socks, etc. . Â
To sum up, the green production process for the production of green bamboo fiber is: the original bamboo - coarse bamboo pulp - fine bamboo pulp - spinning - bamboo fiber - for textile spinning and weaving.
Huang Hongmei cellulose can also produce recycled rayon cellulosic fiber in accordance with the production technology of bamboo pure green viscose fiber, which is not only without any pollution to the environment. It is completely biodegradable, and there is no pollution to the environment during the production process. . This is a good way for China to develop yellow hemp cellulosic fiber as a high-block raw material for textile and apparel.
3. Locell, tencell and model produced by Austrian Lunqin Company are high-blocking textile raw materials that are produced using pure wood as the raw material, such as miscellaneous wood. Not only the raw materials and products are green, but also the water and stickiness used in the production process. All the peptizers can be recycled and reused, that is, the entire production process of environmental protection and energy saving. Moreover, textiles made from fibers such as lYocell, tencell and model are comfortable to wear, have a good feel and appearance. Unfortunately, the patents, exclusive operations and production of this production technology by the Austrian company Luenten have limited the development of this production technology. However, it is said that China has made new progress in the research and development of this production technology. Perhaps there will be a period of hard work, and this production technology will have greater breakthroughs and industrialization. If we can apply the technology of Röntgen to process the production of regenerated viscose cellulose fiber for the production of yellow sisal, we will not only have the characteristics of regenerated cellulose fibers such as lYocell, tencell and model, but also make the yellow jute cellulose fiber in health care. Functional, comfortable, breathable, antibacterial, antibacterial and anti-mildew functions are very good.
4. The development of the application of hemp fiber in the textile industry
(1) Make full use of the wilderness of the barren hills to develop the planting of yellow hemp, bamboo or fast-growing livewood to expand the source of raw materials for cellulosic fibres, and in particular, to attach great importance to expanding the planting area of ​​bamboo plants. To expand the development of yellow kenaf and bamboo cellulose fibers and their textiles, to make up for the lack of cellulose fiber. Also in line with the above principles.
(2) If hemp is similar to hemp, hemp, ramie, ramie, apocynum and other bast fiber series of hemp fiber, but also leaf fiber series of sisal and other coarse fibers are used to produce hemp Cellulose fiber, the amount is considerable. It is also possible to consider the conversion of flax and ramie from the currently semi-degummed bundle fiber spinning technology to regenerated cellulose fiber in cotton spinning, wool spinning and filament spinning systems to produce high gear yarns and fabrics compared to the current flax The backward spinning equipment, which can only produce semi-degummed bundles of medium-low count yarns, must be able to adapt and meet market demands.
(3) Although there has not yet been a certain situation in the production of yellow hemp cellulosic fiber and its spinning, a few domestic companies have been working hard to develop it, such as Hebei Jisui Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd., which uses steaming, bleaching, gluing, and spinning. Silk, post-processing and other high-tech process routes, extract the cellulose in the fiber, and retain the natural antibacterial material of the fiber, is a truly green new textile material, called hemp fiber. The hemp fiber has good spinnability, and the conventional spinning equipment can meet the spinning requirements. The Henan Zhongyuan Institute of Technology also developed and developed a hemp-like flax-like cellulose fiber.
5, spinning test:
1. Basic properties of hemp fiber: fiber length 38.4mm, fineness 1.67TEX, breaking strength 3.8CN, percentage elongation at break 24.5, breaking work 6.12CN.mm, moisture regain 8.92% strength 2.3CN
2. The blending ratio and spinning result of hemp and tencel and combed cotton blend are as follows:
a. 30% hemp, 10% Tencel, 60% combed cotton, 14.7tex yarn:
Cv%14.01, details -50% 13, thick section +50% 71, neps +200% 106, single strength 187.7 CN, strong uneven cv% 9.45.
b Hemp 40% polyester 60%: Spinning 14.7tex yarn:
Fine yarn strength 287CN uneven 9.6%
c. 30% Sanma, 10% Tencel, 60% viscose, and 14.7tex spinning yarn:
Spinning strength 161.7CN strong uneven cv%8.99
5. Henan Anyang Yiquan Industry and Trade Co., Ltd. made use of the hemp cellulose fiber developed by the Central China Institute of Technology to conduct the above spinning test. It is believed that the hemp-spun cellulosic fiber has good spinnability. The spinning process does not have much difficulty for mass production.
Conclusion Â
The application of the development of yellow hemp cellulosic fibers in the textile and apparel industry is fully accompanied by the full use of natural fibers and the requirement to increase the utility value of the yellow hemp fibers. The development of textile and apparel products using huangma hemp is a green new product developed in recent years. The yellow hemp cellulosic fiber and its textiles have many ecological advantages. Because of its many excellent properties, it has received great attention from the international textile community. The foreign textile market is optimistic about the yellow Hongmei cellulose fiber products. Huang Hongmei cellulose fiber and its textiles have a good momentum of development. Hemp fiber similar to yellow hemp and other hemp, ramie, and ramie, The hemp fiber of the bast fiber series such as apocynum, but also the sisal hemp leaf fiber series. All of them can be used to produce hemp regenerated cellulose fibers like huanghe hemp, which is an important raw material for supplementing increasingly tight natural fibers. Although ramie and flax can be used to produce some traditional clothing fabrics and decorative items, due to the fact that they are all semi-degummed bundle fibers, the number of spinning yarns is limited, and the production process and equipment are also lagging behind. If we further expand the planting area of ​​yellow kenaf, the application and development of regenerated cellulose fibers such as ramie and ramie, flax, etc., in textiles is significant, especially in the advanced application of low grade hemp, which is even more important. significance. It should be considered that hemp fiber and its production technology are facing a tremendous transformation! In short, we should regard the development of cellulose fibers such as huangma hemp as a very important strategic task to speed up development.
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