Because the Miao people live in a wide range of home and abroad, the variety of silver ornaments is also diverse. The Miao people in Guizhou and Xiangxi are the most representative. The main ones are: silver crown, silver corner, silver comb, silver earrings, trembling, silver earrings. Silver collar, silver necklace, silver collar, silver bracelet, silver ring, silver foot ring, etc. There are symmetrical, balanced, connected and radial structures.
The process methods include casting, beating, knitting, engraving, and engraving. The patterns are mostly composed of animals and plants such as dragon and bird, vivid and exquisite. The most popular types of silverware are the first in the southeastern region of Guizhou, followed by the Xiangxi area. There are fewer Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou dialects in the west. In the southeastern part of Guizhou, the most popular silver accessories are the one-piece, Shi-style, Huang-ping, Xijiang-style, and Dayang-style costumes. For example, the leather version of women’s body is more than 300. In the style of adjustment, women have more than 30 pieces of silver from head to toe. According to a dressing Miao female in the border area of ​​Hunan and Hunan, the whole body decoration part is roughly like this: the head has a phoenix chain, a silver phoenix phoenix, a silver horn silver comb, a tangled silver chain, a flower arrangement silver bird; Silver Marathon, Bodhisattva, Goddess of Mercy, silver plaque, head bells, etc.; earrings with silver earrings, dragon-shaped body ring, needle flower earrings, claw earrings, pomegranate earrings, silver earrings; neck with wheels Article collar, twisted wire collar, flat group collar, disc collar, various necklaces, etc.; silver shawl, cloth silver shawl, shoulder card, sling silver bell, etc. on the shoulder; chest and waist with pressure collar, hanging Button chain, hanging neck toothpick, silver lock silver chain, silver shield tag, embellished silver flower, silver waistband, silver belt around the waist; back with a bubble back card, hanging bell box; arm has life-saving silver plaque, Rich and precious; the wrist has a solid round bracelet, a hollow flower bracelet, a faucet square bracelet, a twisted silk bracelet, a flower bracelet, etc.; the finger has a single ring, a multi-strand ring, a seal ring, etc.; the wheel has a rim and a silver plaque Silver chain, hanging bell, etc. In addition, there are a variety of silver button plaques, syringe board, butterfly chip patch, floral silver block, pendant bells and so on.
The above-mentioned various silver ornaments can be divided into two categories according to their production: thick parts such as buckle necklace, solid collar, solid bracelet, big ring earrings; and more delicate bubble collar, chain bubble bracelet, diamond flower Collars, diamond bracelets, etc. The fine pieces include silver-crowned silver tits, arhat bells, shawl toothpicks, etc., which are exquisite in craftsmanship and consume more silver. For example, if the long-tailed silver crown (that is, the dragon cap) is made of silver thirty-two, after the silver plate is nailed on the thick cloth with limited area, the silver flower, silver bird, silver butterfly, silver needle, silver should be welded on the silver piece. Signature and other bouquets; a pair of silver long feathers or an umbrella-shaped silver flower on the top of the hat, the rim of the dragon, the pattern, the arhat and the flying butterfly squid; the back of the hat is about 10 feet long. Hanging chains of silverworms, fish, birds, beasts, flowers, and vines. The female shawl should be made with more than 20 silver. It is necessary to embellish the silver tablets of various dragons, phoenixes, lions and flowers on the satin blank mold, and then put a few silver chains that are meshed into a mesh. It is necessary to hang three or so inches of silver whiskers or bells.
As for the production process, it is generally subjected to five processes of blowing, forging, setting, scrubbing and polishing. According to the need, the silversmith first made the smelted silver into thin slices, silver bars or silver wires, and used the techniques of casting, beating, knitting, engraving, engraving, etc. to make beautiful patterns, and then welding or weaving. Simple, small pieces of silver are made faster, while carved collars or silver hats take five or six days. If you want to make silver tablets, it is more laborious. You have to spread the silver bars into large sheets, then cut them into small pieces as needed, put them into a mold and press them into a thick pattern, and then stick them on the turpentine. The board is chiseled into a detailed pattern.
The processing of Miao silverware is done manually by family workshops. In addition to being an expert in the hammering work, the Miao silversmith is also a master in the design. She is good at drawing inspiration from women's embroidery and batik patterns, and based on traditional habits and aesthetic tastes, in detail and partial portrayal. Innovate. After the silversmith's exquisite design and processing, the pieces of silver are unique. Especially worth mentioning is the “staying four-ring plum blossom ringâ€, which is like a modern small cube. It consists of four links, each with a “<†shape, folded flat at 90 degrees, and decorated with several plum blossoms. . Each ring is interlaced and can be combined. If the ring is separated, it is difficult for unfamiliar people to recover.
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