The lacquer lacquer began in the Tang Dynasty and was held in the Ming and Qing dynasties. It has a history of more than 1,000 years. According to historical records, the birthplace of lacquer is in Sichuan and Yunnan. The Yuan and Ming dynasties were introduced to Beijing, and their skills gradually became perfect and mature, becoming a kind of arts and crafts with strong local characteristics. In the Ming Dynasty, the lacquer ware produced by the "Olympic Plant", a special craft workshop of Beijing's official office, has reached a high level, and the modeling is very important. The carving technique is full of skill and style. In the Qing Dynasty, the lacquer lacquer has a new development, the pattern is rigorous and delicate, extremely heavy, and elegant, and the style is different from that of the Ming Dynasty. Beijing lacquer lacquered with Hunan Xiangxiu and Jiangxi Jingdezhen porcelain, and was well-known in the world. It is known as “three long Chinese arts and craftsâ€.
Carved lacquer, because the process is carved, the main raw material is lacquer, hence the name. Beijing lacquer is made of copper and wood, and dozens of layers, even hundreds of layers of paint on the tire, are as thick as five to eighteen millimeters. Then, the landscape is engraved with landscape patterns, figures, flowers, birds and beasts.
The process of carving paint in Beijing is very complicated. It has to undergo more than ten processes such as design, tire making, painting, drawing, engraving and polishing. The technical requirements of each process are very high. Among them, carving is the most important process. The carving knife method used to be mainly flat carving. Now there are a large number of reliefs, hollow sculptures and three-dimensional sculptures. The color of the lacquer is also very particular. In the past, there were only four colors of black, red, yellow and green. Now it has developed into more than 20 kinds of white, apricot, tea, and pink. Each of the works has also evolved from a single color in the past to a variety of colors. These products are characterized by moisture resistance, heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance, no deformation, and no deterioration.
There are bottles, cans, boxes, plates, tea sets, smoking sets, wine sets, hanging screens, screens, wall paintings, three-dimensional birds and beasts, and small pieces of jewelry. In recent years, Beijing lacquer has developed in the direction of "days of arts and crafts", and successively created a number of new products with both artistic value and practical value, such as table lamps, dinner plates, instrument boxes, electronic clock cases, Carved lacquered table tops, carved lacquered piers, carved lacquered clothes boxes, carved lacquer cabinets, etc.
Beijing traditional craft - carved paint
The lacquer lacquer is a traditional craft of the same name as cloisonne in China. It began in the Tang Dynasty and was held in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Beijing lacquer was famous in the world as early as the early 15th century. After the Guangxu reign, only Beijing in the world is still producing lacquer crafts. However, due to various reasons, this national treasure process is currently facing the danger of loss. In fact, not only is the lacquer facing difficulties, the current situation of the entire Beijing arts and crafts industry is not optimistic. According to the statistics of the Beijing Arts and Crafts Industry Association, there are only 11 varieties that can still be maintained in Beijing Arts and Crafts. It has been lost or has been lost to 43, including China's long-standing jade, tooth, cloisonne, lacquer, etc. Wait. Fortunately, the crisis faced by arts and crafts such as lacquer has caused the relevant departments.
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